给无神论和不可知论者的一些回答（三）

What will happen to the people who have never heard of Jesus Christ?

那些没有听说过耶稣基督的人们最后会怎样？
by Rich Deem

Introduction 简介

Will all those people who have never heard of Jesus Christ be sent to hell? First we must note that the Bible says God will judge all people righteously.¹ It seems there will be a stricter judgment for those who have rejected the gospel of Jesus Christ than those who have never heard.² Paul tells us that those who have never heard of the law are not imputed sin under the law.³ Paul also tells us that those who follow the law (e.g., practicing Jews) will be judged by the law.⁴ The people who have never heard of the law are judged by the law of God which He has placed into their hearts:

那些从没有听说过耶稣基督的人会下地狱吗？首先我们应该注意圣经说天主会公正的审判每个人。这样看，那些否定拒绝耶稣基督的人的审判会比那些从没听说过耶稣的人的审判要严厉。圣保禄宗徒告诉我们那些从没有听过律法的将不会被按照律法定罪。保禄也说那些跟随律法的（例如，犹太教的犹太人）会按照律法进行审判。那些没有听过律法的会按照天主置于他们心中的律法进行审判。

For when Gentiles who do not have the Law do instinctively the things of the Law, these, not having the Law, are a law to themselves, in that they show the work of the Law written in their hearts, their conscience bearing witness, and their thoughts alternately accusing or else defending them, on the day when, according to my gospel, God will judge the secrets of men through Christ Jesus. (Romans 2:14-16)

几时，没有法律的外邦人，顺着本性去行法律上的事，他们虽然没有法律，但自己对自己就是法律。如此证明法律的精华已刻在他们的心上，他们的良心也为此作证，因为他们的思想有时在控告，有时在辩护；这事必要彰显在天主审判人隐秘行为的那天；依照我的福音，这审判是要借耶稣基督而执行的。（罗马人书 2：14-16）

Judgment

A further indication that the judgment of God is based upon what we know and what we have been given can be seen in a warning by James: 雅各伯也曾警告过，天主的审判完全基于我们所知道的，因为我们心中有律法。

Let not many of you become teachers, my brethren, knowing that as such we shall incur a stricter judgment. (James 3:1)

我的弟兄们，你们作教师的人，不要太多，该知道我们作教师的，要受更严厉的审判。（雅各伯书 3：1）

In other words, those who know the gospel, study it, and teach it will be under stricter judgment, since they have the ability of guide others, or lead them astray.人误入歧途。Jesus, in the parable of the Master and the slaves (Luke 12:41-48) talked about the difference in judgment between those who know the will of God vs. those who do not know:

也就是说，那些认识福音的，研究它的，传讲它的，在审判时会更加严厉，因为他们有能力引导别人但也有能力使耶稣，在主人和奴仆的比喻中（路加福音12：41-48）谈到了在审判认识主的人和没有听过主的人的区别。

"And that slave who knew his master's will and did not get ready or act in accord with his will, shall receive many lashes, but the one who did not know it, and committed deeds worthy of a flogging, will receive but few. And from everyone who has been given much shall much be required; and to whom they entrusted much, of him they will ask all the more. (Luke 12:47-48)

那知道主人的旨意，而偏不准备，或竟不奉行他旨意的仆人，必然要多受拷打；那不知道而做了应受拷打之事的，要少受拷打。给谁的多，向谁要的也多；交托谁的多，向谁索取的也格外多。(路12：47-48)

Don't know the name "Jesus" 不认识耶稣基督

Do people have to know the name "Jesus Christ" to be saved? Many people do not know that "Jesus" is not the "real" name of the Savior. His real (Hebrew) name is "Yeshua," which is usually translated into the English as "Joshua." The Greek transliteration is "iaysous." In fact, in three verses of the New Testament (Luke 3:29, Acts 7:45, and Hebrews 4:8), iaysous is translated into the English as "Joshua," since the text refers to the Old Testament saint. In addition, the word "Christ" is not Jesus' last name, but His title. The Greek word "christos" (translated "Christ" in the English) means "Messiah," the "anointed one." This is why the New Testament letters often refer to Jesus as "Christ Jesus," which means "Messiah Jesus." Other languages have different pronunciations of the name of Jesus. However, God is able to understand whom we are talking about and save us no matter what we call the name of the Savior. In addition, Job, from the Old Testament, was saved even though he did not know the name of the Savior.⁵ Therefore, although it is true that Jesus is the only way to get into heaven,⁶ you don't necessarily have to know His name to get there.

只有那些听说过“耶稣基督”之名的人才能得救吗？很多人不知道“耶稣”这个名字不是救主的真正姓名。他的真正的名字（希伯来语）是“耶什华”，在英语里面通常被叫做“耶苏”。在希腊语中被翻译成“耶瑟斯”（音译）。事实上，在新约中的三节经文（路3：29，宗7：45，以及希4：8）中，“耶瑟斯”被翻译成英语的“耶苏”，因为这段是对应旧约当中的圣人的。另外，“基督”一词并不是耶稣的姓氏，而是耶稣的头衔。在希腊语中，”Christos”（在英语中被译为“基督”）意思是“默西亚”或是“被敷油者”。这也就是为什么在新约的书信中经常把耶稣成为“耶稣基督”意思就是“默西亚耶稣”。其他语言中对于“耶稣”这个名字发音不同。但是无论以什么样的读音来称呼我们的救主，天主都能够理解并且拯救我们。另外，比如旧约当中的约伯并不知道耶稣的名字。所以，尽管耶稣是唯一一条通往天国的道路，你不需要一定要弄清楚他具体叫什么以便能够到达天国。

What about the Great Commission? 我们的担子是什么？

Does the fact that people do not need to know the exact name of the Savior mean that Christians should not evangelize those who have never heard the gospel? When Jesus appeared to the disciples after His resurrection, He commanded them to "make disciples of all the nations," which has been called the Great Commission.⁷ Although it might be possible for people to be saved in the absence of knowing the gospel, it isn't likely to occur in very many instances. Therefore, it is important that Christians proclaim the gospel as much as possible. Since we don't know if any particular person knows the gospel, sometimes we seem to be a little pushy. If you are a non-Christian, please don't take it personally. We are not trying to annoy you, but genuinely want you to experience the peace of Jesus Christ and join us in eternity.

 那么是不是不需要知道救主具体叫什么就意味着基督徒不必要去宣讲福音，领那些外教人信教呢？当耶稣在复活后显现给门徒的时候，他命他们要去“去使万民成为门徒”，这也就是托付给我们的使命。尽管人们有可能在不知道福音的情况下得救，但是这种情况还是很少见的。所以，我们应尽力地宣讲耶稣的福音。由于有时不知道某个人是否知道福音，所以我们会表现出急于求成。如果你是非基督徒，请不要放在心上。我们并非想要激怒你，而是我们发自心底地想要邀请你和我们一起感受耶稣基督带来的平安和未来的永生。

Conclusion

I know there are many Christians who say that all those who die without faith in Christ will be relegated to spend eternity in Hell - even if they have never heard the gospel. 我I think scripture suggests otherwise - that we are judged on the basis of what we know and how we act upon it. This is not any sort of ecumenical theology or "all ways lead to God." Those who have heard the gospel of Jesus Christ and have refused to believe have rejected Him, and, as such, will fall under the condemnation of God, because they have rejected His provision for our disobedience.² Therefore, atheists are still without excuse⁸ in rejecting God. Those who perpetrate evil, even without the knowledge of the gospel, will likewise be condemned, since they have violated their God-given conscience. In the same way, those who play the "religion game" of going to church on Sunday, but living apart from a relationship with God, will be condemned.⁹

知道有些基督徒说那些不信基督的人将会永久地在地狱里面受罚-即使他们从来没有听说过福音是什么。我认为经文当中却提供了不同的观点-我们要按照我们所知道的，我们所行的进行审判。但是这并不是大众神学，或者所谓的“一切道路通向天主”。那些听说过耶稣基督的福音并且拒绝他的，以及类似的人都要被天主定罪，因为他们自身的叛逆而否定拒绝了天主的赠予。所以，无神论者仍然不能为自己拒绝天主的存在找任何理由。那些心中充满罪恶的，即使他们不了解福音，通常地也会被定罪，因为他们违背了天主所赐的良心。同样的，那些每周日去教堂，但是完全脱离天主生活，耍“宗教把戏”的人，也会被定罪。